Although bailouts, derivatives, and mortgage defaults dominate the headlines about the economic recession, the downturn has left more people homeless right here in Milwaukee. Last January 28, the Milwaukee Continuum of Care, a broad-based alliance of area organizations committed to ending homelessness, counted 1,660 homeless people in shelters, transitional housing, and on the street. The MCC volunteers surveyed 919 homeless adults, of which 34 percent were chronically homeless. Obviously, these numbers do not even take into account those who had found temporary shelter with family or friends. Joe Volk, executive director of Community Advocates, a local group serving low-income individuals and families, said in October that he expected even more Milwaukeeans had become homeless since January due to increased unemployment.
The winter brings added hardship for the homeless as the search for shelter becomes crucial. Some municipal governments, including New York City, have put in place “Code Blue” systems, where the government takes specific and public actions to protect the homeless when the temperature falls below certain thresholds. Milwaukee does not have an official “Code Blue” alert system in place, but not because the city doesn’t care about homelessness.
In fact, the city and county governments and the Milwaukee Shelter Task Force, a group of shelters and other organizations serving the homeless, collaborate during cold weather to suspend rules so shelters can take in more people, identify additional facilities that could be used to keep the homeless warm, protect those serving the homeless, and educate the public. According to Ken Schmidt, chair of the Milwaukee Shelter Task Force, “on the surface, the ‘as needed’ cold weather response in Milwaukee may not appear to be as organized as other urban centers,” but “this may be because the preventative activities are not publicized in the same way.” Schmidt commended the city and county officials, calling them “sensitive to the issue, quick to action and more than willing to be cooperative with the shelter system’s efforts.”
Of course, every person in the Marquette community realizes homelessness’s persistence just by walking around campus. Like everyone else, I have been asked for money countless times, and I have also witnessed public safety officers removing the homeless from campus. On many occasions, I have been just as guilty as most students of refusing to make simple eye contact with the homeless, of passing by faster than I need to, of failing to acknowledge their humanity. I find it easy sometimes to emotionally distance myself from “them” instead of reflecting on why I am walking to class while others walk the same streets just trying to survive. Even referring to these children of God as “the homeless” allows us to mentally separate ourselves from their lived reality. Although we seldom refer to ourselves as “the housed” because we are so much more than where we sleep, we write off a diverse group of people by labeling them for what they lack.
At an urban Jesuit university like Marquette, discussing homelessness almost seems cliché, a rite of passage on the journey toward becoming men and women for others, or something along those lines. Although often failing to acknowledge the homeless people we pass by, we at least acknowledge homelessness as a problem in Milwaukee. Yet the problem seems too immense and intractable for overstressed college students to deal with. Homelessness does not lend itself to easy long-term solutions, and even participating in community service activities can feel pointless and frustrating.
If they decide to “be the difference” on this issue, many students end up advocating for yet another government program, such as Milwaukee’s housing trust fund. Regardless of the merits of any individual government, non-profit, or business program, we set ourselves up for disappointment by relieving ourselves of a certain level of personal responsibility and projecting our hopes and expectations unto a given program. With a complex social problem such as homelessness, a successful program certainly relieves suffering and saves lives, but no social engineering scheme or technocratic magic can “solve” the problems of social marginalization and deprivation and the spiritual decay which permits this to continue.
When Jesus said, “What you do unto the least of these, you do unto me,” he challenged the social hierarchy that pushed “the least of these” to the margins of society and called upon his followers to acknowledge that everyone has intrinsic worth in God’s eyes, regardless of the artificially constructed norms of ostracism and division. Until we, as individuals, can meaningfully reach out to the homeless fellow travelers of our streets, “we” collectively, whether viewed as society or the church or the government, can never truly come alongside them and address the problem.
Direct action and advocacy remain important tools but fail to address the way we emotionally distance ourselves from those in need and the resulting dehumanization of us all. As Lilla Watson and other Australian aboriginal activists told sympathizers in the 1970s, “If you have come to help me because you feel called to help me, please go away … but if you have come because your liberation is bound up with mine, please stay and let’s work together.” Only when we realize our own individual responsibility to our homeless neighbors will we ever be able to work together with them to end homelessness.
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